"Smart well" - what is it?
(Published in the number 11/2011 of the magazine "Oil. Gas. Innovations")"Smart well" - the term is very broad meaning, and there are different levels of "intelligence" that can be implemented:
Ted Bostic / vice president of optical-fiber systems, director of "Monitoring of the reservoir" of Weatherford, Alexander Ants / manager, "Optimization of production and test wells" in Russia, of Weatherford
[Ted Bostic]: "Smart" or "smart well", as a rule, includes a system of underground sensors and control valves, which allow you to take steps to optimize production or injection. Nevertheless, it can be called "intellectual" well, where there is only one of these two types of devices - either sensors or valves, downhole monitoring. Another example - a well with underground slam-shut valve, working only in two modes: OPEN / CLOSED. The alternative - an adjustable throttle valve with the ability to work on the fittings of various sizes, providing more control over the zonal inflow or injection. "Smart well" - the term is very broad meaning, and there are different levels of "intelligence" that can be implemented. In some cases multispectral well can be equipped with only one underground pressure and temperature sensors, but more control valves. The same sensors in addition to the well pressure / temperature may also have flow in each zone, and distributed temperature sensors in the wellbore. Both examples provide different design possibilities for monitoring and understanding of the production / injection on separate zones. [A. Ants]: Leading foreign oil and gas companies have long and successfully work towards the "intellectualization" of wells. Comprehensive monitoring of parameters in the design can increase recovery factor of oil, increase economic efficiency and safety. Recently, in Russia more and more attention is paid to intellectualization wells. The understanding of the benefits and economic feasibility of equipping wells monitoring systems. It is important for operational control and timely decision-making on GTM, control and maintain the reservoir pressure, fluid dynamics interpretation of the data to identify the geological features of the reservoir at a considerable distance from the wellhead and refining stocks. Continuous monitoring system increases safety and reduces costs, since removed the need to periodically stop the hole gauges for well testing, down to the wire or cable. [Ted Bostic]: In the future, will work to create a new generation of sensors to operate at higher temperatures and pressures, downhole seismic sensors improve, as well as the development of highspeed wireless systems. Improvements include minimizing the downhole valve of hydraulic and electronic control lines, the valve on the RF code (RFID), the generation of electricity in the hole for valves and sensors. "Smart well" - a hole that runs independently on the basis of the mode specified by the hydrodynamic model or process (ground infrastructure)
AN Mugs / engineer for development of fields of "Samotloneftegaz" (Nizhnevartovsk) /
Smart well "- a hole that runs independently on the basis of the mode specified by the hydrodynamic model or process (ground infrastructure), and is able to adapt to the changing conditions of the system (if it is a valid production well). Foreign companies Shell, SPD, Chevron, Russian companies - Rosneft, Tatneft, TNK-BP has had some success in the development and implementation of technologies and equipment related to "smart wells." It's basically a system for monitoring and controlling the operation of wells, in some cases - a remote control mechanism. In Russia, work is being done not as active as intellectualization wells will reduce the working professional occupations and as a consequence of unemployment. Another factor is that the main deposits were drilled for a long time and are at a late stage of operation, the equipment is outdated, and production of hydrocarbons incident. Accordingly, investments in these projects will have significant value and a long payback period. Abroad, there was a similar situation as a whole. I believe that the state oil and gas industry is characterized by a lack of automation, the use of obsolete and worn-out equipment, reduction of oil production in the operated deposits, increasing remoteness reclaimed fields, increasing the proportion of heavy oil from harmful impurities, etc. In the context of rising competition from foreign producers of petroleum engineering modernization and efficiency of oil production are vital for energy security and stable economic development. "Smart well" sounds too loud, the more technically literate would call it a "highly automated" or "controlled technology":
: A. Ilyin / Deputy Chief Designer of JSC "Elekton" (Mr. Rainbow) /
"Smart well" - a complex of equipment that operates in automatic mode. This set collects information from devices and sensors, the primary diagnoses of the filters is clearly erroneous data. Then transmits the data to the upper level, where already powerful software systems under the supervision of highly qualified professionals to handle and give a conclusion. After obtaining the opinion of the decision (either automatically or specialist) for further work in the selected mode, or its correction, then the team goes well for the equipment for the execution of the decision. In my opinion, the term "smart well" sounds too loud, the more technically literate would call it a "highly automated" or "controlled technology". Almost all major NC is now actively implementing existing and developing their technology. I note that many private, smaller companies are also actively engaged in this direction. In the apt term "intellectual" has passed the test of time: over two decades, it is as a carrier of the information revolution has become the root word in the names of dozens of departments of leading universities (MSU, MIPT, Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, St.Petersburg State Technical University and others):
V. Kulchitsky / CEO of STS oil and gas him. Acad. IM Gubkin, Professor, Ph.D., Academy of Natural Sciences, Deputy. Head of the Department of drilling oil and gas wells State Oil and Gas. Gubkin /
The idea of empowering the AI production well came to me in 1997 and based it on the analogy of the drill string to the casing string. The ability to create an electric dipole electrical installation a separator at the bottom of the casing and downhole data transmission organization in the process of oil or gas in the electromagnetic channel became apparent. When conducting a patent search, and analogs of the relevant section of the doctoral dissertation I found in terms of foreign sources Smartwell - "smart wells" and Intelligentwell - "intelligent wells". Turning to academic works in the field of control systems of artificial objects, found that the device became known as cybernetic intelligence, and SPbGTU works department "Intelligent Control Systems." Based on the foregoing, since 2000 in the thesis, abstracts and subsequent publications, I began to use the term "smart well" as an information channel of communication with the downhole borehole logging system and blocks of space probes in conjunction with the computer system associated with databases and knowledge, and downhole control device that regulates the flow of fluid during operation. In the apt term "intellectual" has passed the test of time: over two decades, it is as a carrier of the information revolution has become the root word in the names of dozens of departments of leading universities (MSU, MIPT, Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, St.Petersburg State Technical University, etc.) entered in the manufacturing sector (intelligent buildings and facilities transport, machinery) and in our everyday life (intelligent apartment or house). In the domestic technical journals widely available techniques and technologies of dual use (DCP), and several layers of dual injection (DCI) of liquids and gases in the reservoirs, as well as the support of these processes of information technology. The "smart wells" (IP) refers to incorrect technical and technological solutions in automation and process oil and gas telemechanization because they do not comply with the following five principles: direct link of IP to the outside world with information communication channels for knowledge extraction and organization of appropriate behavior; the openness of IP due to the presence of self-tuning, self-organization and self-study, the ability to predict changes in the IP environment and their own behavior, the presence of the IP structure building complex intelligent control systems when the uncertainty of knowledge about the object model control (well, borehole space, the reservoir) or about his behavior can be compensated by increasing the intelligence of IP or appropriate control algorithms, preserving the autonomous functioning of the rupture ties or loss of control inputs from higher levels of the hierarchy of IP. Most closely approached the introduction of IP Petroleum Company "SPD." One of the innovative technologies used in the Salym oil field for efficient oil extraction technology is a "smart wells". It allows operation of two objects odnovremenno_razdelnuyu development. If you are using this technology is used automated downhole equipment that provides continuous collection and transfer of data to the surface on the parameters of production or injection of fluid into the reservoir in real time. The technology of "smart wells" allows for on-line mode to keep separate records of production for individual layers - the objects of development, as well as to regulate the injection of water layers in injection wells. To date, the downhole flowmeter installed on 10 wells of the oil in the near future will be installed and in-depth control valves. "Smart well" worth twenty percent more expensive than the standard. However, two months of operation showed that the positive economic effect on an annualized 1.2 million rubles. The process of intellectualization is irreversible as well as scientific and technical progress. The intensity of the implementation of IP will be determined by two parameters: the price of a barrel of oil and the cost of mining equipment. The third parameter - the irreversible transition of all deposits in the category of hard-to-stocks on the move. Disappointing overall pain by Russian scientists of Petroleum: technique and intelligent completion technology skva_ jin are developed and delivered from abroad. None of the oil and gas giants are not willing to finance projects that could provide intellectual security of Russia in this direction.